![]() NPN output is low level 0, PNP output is a high level 1. But the output signal is completely opposite, namely high level and low level. ![]() They actually use the saturation and cut-off of the transistor to output two states, which are switch-type sensors. The Output states of PNP and NPN sensors are different. The E pole has the highest potential, and the C pole has the lowest potential during normal amplification, that is, VC E pole has the highest potential, and usually, the C pole has the lowest potential during normal amplification, that is, VC VB> VE PNP uses the E-B current (IB) to control the E-C current (IC). NPN uses the B-E current (IB) to control the C-E current (IC), the E pole has the lowest potential, and usually, the C pole has the highest potential during normal amplification, namely VC>VB>VE. To be professional, it is the "polarity" issue. NPN and PNP transistors are mainly different because the direction of current is different from the positive and negative of voltage. On the circuit symbol, the PNP tube emitter arrow points inward, and the NPN tube emitter arrow points outward, indicating the current direction. ![]() The PN junction between the transmitting area and the base area is called the transmitting junction, and the PN junction between the collecting area and the base area is called the collecting junction. Among them, the base region (a thin layer of semiconductor in the middle of the triode) leads to the base b there are emitter regions leading to the emitter e and collector regions leading to the collector c on both sides. The triode has three regions and three electrodes. Their structural principles are the same. ![]() Most of the germanium transistors are of PNP type, and most of the silicon transistors are of NPN type. ![]() The transistor is consisted of a three-part semiconductor forming two PN junctions, and its composition forms are PNP type and NPN type. II. Methods of distinguishing NPN transistors and PNP transistors ![]()
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